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Network Management API

The Network Management API allow applications, as well as network layer code itself, to call defined network routines at any level in the IP stack, or receive notifications on relevant network events. This is the API we will use to connect over Wi-Fi.

Enabling the API

To enable the Network Management API in your application, enable the following Kconfigs

CONFIG_NET_MGMT=y
CONFIG_NET_MGMT_EVENT=y
CONFIG_NET_MGMT_EVENT_INFO=y
CONFIG_NET_CONNECTION_MANAGER=y

CONFIG_NET_MGMT: Adds the Network Management API
CONFIG_NET_MGMT_EVENT: Adds support for runtime network event notifications
CONFIG_NET_MGMT_EVENT_INFO: Adds supports for passing information along with an event
CONFIG_NET_CONNECTION_MANAGER: Adds the network connection manager

In addition, you need to include the following header files

#include <zephyr/net/net_mgmt.h>
#include <zephyr/net/net_event.h>
#include <zephyr/net/wifi_mgmt.h>

net_mgmt.h: header file for the Network Management API
net_event.h: header file for Network Management events
wifi_mgmt.h: header file for Wi-Fi specific Network Management API’s

Enabling Wi-Fi

To be able to use the Network Management API to connect to Wi-Fi, we also need to enable Wi-Fi in the application.

This is done by enabling the following Kconfigs

CONFIG_WIFI=y
CONFIG_WIFI_NRF700X=y
CONFIG_WPA_SUPP=y

CONFIG_WIFI: Enables the general Wi-Fi drivers
CONFIG_WIFI_NRF700X: Enables the Nordic Wi-Fi Driver
CONFIG_WPA_SUPP: Enables WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) supplication support, primarily responsible for implementing the authentication phase of WPA, as well as network scanning, key exchange and roaming support.

Configure the Wi-Fi parameters

When connecting to Wi-Fi, the parameters are passed in the structure struct wifi_connect_req_params, which has the following signature

SSID – SSID of your Wi-Fi network
PSK – Password of your Wi-Fi network
SAE password (sae_password)
Band (band) – Wi-Fi band you want to connect to (default is ??)
Channel (channel) – Wi-Fi channel to use
Security – The security with which you want to connect
MFP – Management frame protection options
Timeout – Connection timeout

Here is an example of populating the Wi-Fi parameters.

static struct wifi_connect_req_params params;

&params->ssid = CONFIG_SSID;
&params->ssid_length = strlen(params->ssid);
&params->psk = CONFIG_PASSWORD;
&params->psk_length = strlen(params->psk);
&params->channel = WIFI_CHANNEL_ANY;
&params->security = 1;
&params->mfp = WIFI_MFP_OPTIONAL;
&params->timeout = SYS_FOREVER_MS;

Request the Wi-Fi connection

All network management requests are called using net_mgmt(), which has the following signature

mgmt_request: a bitmask to indicate which stack layer is targeted, if a net_if object is implied and the specific management procedure being requested
iface: network interface being used, use the helper function net_if_get_default()
data: the Wi-Fi configuration parameters, stored in struct wifi_connect_req_params
len: the length of data, i.e sizeof(struct wifi_connect_req_params)

net_mgmt(NET_REQUEST_WIFI_CONNECT, iface, &params, sizeof(struct wifi_connect_req_params));

Wi-Fi related network management requests

NET_REQUEST_WIFI_CONNECT
NET_REQUEST_WIFI_DISCONNECT
NET_REQUEST_WIFI_AP_ENABLE
NET_REQUEST_WIFI_AP_DISABLE
NET_REQUEST_WIFI_IFACE_STATUS
NET_REQUEST_WIFI_TWT

Listening to network events

The callback handler function net_mgmt_event_handler_t must have the following signature

There are many Wi-Fi related network events, defined in wifi_mgmt.h (found in <install_path/include/zephyr/net), but for now we will only focus on NET_EVENT_WIFI_CONNECT_RESULT, to be notified once a Wi-Fi connection is established.

Define the callback function

Define the callback function wifi_connect_handler()

static void wifi_connect_handler(struct net_mgmt_event_callback *cb,
				    uint32_t mgmt_event, struct net_if *iface)
{
	switch (mgmt_event) {
	case NET_EVENT_WIFI_CONNECT_RESULT:
		LOG_INF("Connected to Wi-Fi Network);

		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
}

Initialize the callback structure

To initialize the callback structure, we will use the helper function net_mgmt_init_event_callback() which has the following signature

static struct net_mgmt_event_callback wifi_connect_cb;
net_mgmt_init_event_callback(&wifi_connect_cb, wifi_connect_handler, NET_EVENT_WIFI_CONNECT_RESULT);

Add the callback structure

Then we need to add the callback structure, using net_mgmt_add_event_callback() which has the following signature

net_mgmt_add_event_callback(&wifi_prov_cb);

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